Conservation compendium. Part 10: Corrosion of steel frames behind masonry elevations

This article provides a more detailed introduction to the applications and use of CLT as a structural timber product, including structural benefits and benefits to the construction process.

The ‘Wood and Armer’ equations are well established as a means of accounting for torsional moments in bridge slabs. In this article, a potential source of misinterpretation of the original equations is identified and corrected. The misinterpretation is shown not to have significant implications for design, but may be of consequence where the Wood and Armer equations have been used for assessment. A number of other inconsistencies are identified and a revised set of equations is proposed.

Historic buildings and structures, like any other, move to some degree, whether due to thermal effects, changes in moisture levels in the structural fabric, influences on the founding subsoil, or environmental forces. The key question for the conservation engineer is to determine whether the movement is progressive and presents a risk to the structure. This article introduces engineers to the various techniques available to monitor movement in historic structures, from simple manual techniques which are less commonly used today, to sophisticated electronic systems. The form of monitoring will depend on the nature of the assumed movement, the funds available, and the possible consequences if the movement is progressive.