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The Structural Engineer, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1996
The Royal Armouries The Royal Armouries is the body responsible for maintaining the royal collection of weaponry, armour, and other artefacts. Its role is not only to conserve the collection, but also to extend it and maintain the appropriate expertise and knowledge to keep and exhibit it. It also has a strong educational role to develop and extend the knowledge of historical weaponry and armour. Gregson
This viewpoint was intended to be an attempt to reply, on behalf of the Graduate section of the Institution, as to the status of ‘model answers’ in the preparation process for our annual Part 3 examination. However, the argument has been extended to a general comment on the examination itself, and in particular, the situation in which failed candidates find themselves. R.K. Westbrook
Load - strength charts have proved useful for preliminary sizing of members in pitched roof portal frames. They also provide an independent means of checking simple plastic collapse strength derived from computer analysis. Unlike previous charts, those presented here allow for the effect of partial column base restraint and enable the minimum length of eaves haunch to be determined directly. The new charts are applicable to a wide range of frame geometry and rafter/column strength ratios. Nominal base restraint is often used in the UK to prevent inward collapse of frames and consequent damage to external walls, in the event of a fire. More substantial restraint can also be used to improve sway stability and eaves deflection. The basis of the charts is defined and may be incorporated into a more direct computer-aided design scheme if desired, but the real intention of the charts is to provide a computer-independent means of determining member sizes. Three examples of their use are given. The first sets out with preconceived rafter/column strength ratio, assuming pinned bases. The second imposes a restricted set of preferred sections, also using pinned bases, and seeks to improve on the previous total weight of steel. In the final example, use of base restraint equivalent to 20% of the column plastic moment leads to a further 7.5% saving in total weight of steel. J.O. Surtees and S.H. Yeap