The Tignes Hydro-Electric Scheme Discussion on Monsieur R. Giguet’s Paper

FOLLOWING Coulomb, a great number of papers appeared on Retaining Wall Design, until by 1930 the theoretical basis of earth pressure against stiff walls due to failing soil had largely been established. In contrast, little was known about the values of the soil constants to be used in the theory, or the influence of the type and degree of wall movement on the distribution of pressure on the structure. In consequence, theories were mainly confined to the classroom, while empirical rules or semi-empirical use of simple theorics served the practical basis of design. P.W. Rowe

A BATTENED strut is built up from two or more main members*, which carry the axial load, and which are held at a fixed distance by cross-members. F. Koenigsberger

Niamh McCloskey reflects on her personal experience of the challenging reality of returning to work after maternity leave, questioning whether workplaces truly support women in this transition and highlighting how, with the right support and recognition of the new perspectives and skills that motherhood can bring, we can retain mothers and allow them to thrive in underrepresented industries.