An introduction to refurbishment. Part 2: Maximising the opportunities at the design stage

As the climate changes there will be ever-increasing social and economic pressure to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, with focus turning to the embodied carbon in products which has thus far been eclipsed by operational values.

Stephen Fernandez discusses ways in which engineers can explore the potential to refurbish existing buildings instead of demolishing and building anew.

The IStructE Safety, Health and Wellbeing Panel considers the safety implications when aspiring to a lean design.