An introduction to refurbishment. Part 2: Maximising the opportunities at the design stage

This article describes the structural reuse and strengthening strategies adopted to enable three additional storeys to be added to an existing office building in London.

As the climate changes there will be ever-increasing social and economic pressure to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, with focus turning to the embodied carbon in products which has thus far been eclipsed by operational values.

Stephen Fernandez discusses ways in which engineers can explore the potential to refurbish existing buildings instead of demolishing and building anew.