Avoiding modelling errors: validation and verification

This article offers tools and knowledge for early-career engineers to confidently navigate the potential pitfalls of computer-aided structural design.

Gloria Wong and Trieska Wahyudi share their experiences in the 3D modelling of underground structures (primarily stations) for design, including the key lessons they have learned and the process flows they have developed consequently.

This article is to designed to help structural engineers follow the paradigm shift in seismic engineering from the definition of prescriptive procedures to procedures based on achieving predictable performance levels.