Large openings in domestic structures Part 2: Foundations

This Technical Guidance Note provides a short overview of the IStructE's How to calculate embodied carbon (HTCEC) guide, and acts as a memo for some of the most important information within it, focusing on upfront carbon. HTCEC should be used to supplement this TGN when doing carbon calculations on projects.

Calcined clay has emerged as one of the most promising solutions to the challenge of finding a replacement to ground granulated blast-furnace slag and pulverised fuel ash or fly ash. This article examines its technical properties, environmental benefits, and practical implementation for structural engineers within current standards and practices.

This article aims to outline the historic use of timber pile foundations, their key characteristics, and how to preserve them for the future.