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The Structural Engineer
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The Structural Engineer, Volume 36, Issue 13, 1958

Date published

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The Structural Engineer, Volume 36, Issue 13, 1958

Price

Standard: £10 + VAT
Members/Subscribers: Free

The Lancashire and Cheshire Branch
ON THE 25 November 1922, some forty local members of the Institution of Structural Engineers gathered in the Lecture Hall of the Victoria University, Manchester, to meet the President, the late Mr. E. Fiander Etchells, and to consider the formation of a Branch. A petition to this effect was drawn up and signed by sixteen members and on the 14 December the petition was granted by the Council.

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The Institution of Structural Engineers

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Opinion Issue 13

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The Structural Engineer
<h4>Advertisement Section</h4>

Advertisement Section

Within the preceding pages we have traced the history of the Institution from its beginning as the Concrete Institute to the present day. We have shown how the membership of the Institution has grown from a small body of men to one of over eight thousand engineers drawn from all quarters of the globe, how its activities have expanded from the relatively restricted field of concrete to cover all types of structures in all the materials of construction and how, step by step, national and international recognition has been given to the exclusive title of “ Chartered Structural Engineer ” which our Members and Associate-Members are proud to bear.

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The Structural Engineer
<h4>Timber Construction</h4>

Timber Construction

FIFTY YEARS AGO the structural use of timber was entirely governed by the known properties of the raw material in its natural state. These properties had become known by trial and error and in consequence were defined by limitations rather than potentialities. The natural limitations on available dimensions, weakness in shear, inability to make a good tension joint or to maintain continuity around bends or at the ends of pieces, no effective control over moisture movement, no systematic evaluation of strength, no constructive knowledge of pathology and treatment, no apparent escape from unidirectional stress distribution : all factors which operated in the development of empirical techniques and the establishment of a fairly rigid code of traditional practice. P.O. Reece

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The Structural Engineer
<h4>Theoretical Analysis</h4>

Theoretical Analysis

THE THEORETICAL analysis of the behaviour of engineering structures, as we know the subject today, can be said to date effectively from the end of the 18th century. Monumental structures had of course been built long before that and their impressive remains can still be seen in Egypt and Mesopotamia and especially in countries which were formerly part of the Roman Empire. But, so far as is known, the engineer- architects who built these great works had no theoretical principles to guide them and relied only upon trial and experiment and their own genius. Much the same can be said of the builders of the great cathedrals of Europe who carried the art of constructing masonry arches, vaults and buttresses to a level that has never been surpassed. It was not until the Renaissance that men began to enquire in a systematic way into the laws that govern structural behaviour but even then progress was slow for many years. The pace quickened in the 18th century especially in France where the "ingenieurs des ponts et chausstes" were attempting to apply the methods of mathematics systematically to the design and construction of the structures for which they were responsible. The foundation of the "Ecole des Ponts et Chaussdes" in 1747 marks the beginning of the practice of training engineers to use this scientific approach to their work, and the interchange of men and ideas between this school and the military corps of engineers was extraordinarily productive. The most important figure of this period is Coulomb whose work on the bending of beams, on torsion, on friction and on the stability of retaining walls was an immense step forward. In his efforts to deal with the problems of structural statics by scientific methods, but without losing sight of practical requirements, Coulomb was the first to deal with structural analysis in a recognisably modern manner. Professor J.A.L. Matheson

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