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The Structural Engineer, Volume 56, Issue 12, 1978
Castellated beams In our August column, Mr. A. Billingham posed a problem about the design of these beams in accordance with BS 449, particularly in respect of lateral buckling. Mr. A. D. Weller has responded saying: I am enclosing a copy of a letter sent to Mr. A. Billingham following his question in The Structural Engineer for August 1978. Unfortunately, the answer to his problem would require considerable research work, which may well indicate that castellated beams need restraint at close intervals. Verulam
This paper examines the reasons for, and the practical aspects of, load testing concrete structures, in particular floors and roofs, and the problems that have been encountered when testing in the field. It briefly discusses other types of structure, and comments on the recommended loadings. D.S. Jones and C.W. Oliver
In the United Kingdom most highway bridges go to tender with a fully detailed design, bill of quantities, and specification. Alternative designs are permitted but, with the limited tender periods and the complications of the independent structural check recommended by the Merrison Committee and required by the Department, these are rarely offered by tenderers. However, some contractors have advocated the adoption of continental contractural methods. Design and build tendering was adopted for the Kessock Bridge only because tender prices-firstly for foundations and secondly for the whole bridge-greatly exceeded the estimates.