Academia. Brave New World

Requirements for slender concrete columns In our column of 15 November last, Mr A. D. Moore raised queries regarding apparent anomalies in the application of clauses 3.8.3.3, 3.8.3.4 and 3.8.3.5 of BS 8110 to the design of columns, on which Mr A. N. Beal commented further in the 24 January issue. We have received further substantial correspondence. Verulam

The authors have been responsible for several major facade retention projects in the City of London. Experience gained from these projects has enabled a carefully planned approach to be developed for the investigation, design and construction of such projects, in particular the temporary works requirements and their integration with the new building design. The paper describes the various stages of the design development and provides detailed information on the key factors to be considered, from the preliminary investigationsstage through to the onsite installation of the temporary works and the construction of the new building behind the retained facade. S.L. Goodchild and M.P. Kaminski

Istanbul lies at the confluence of the Bosphorus and Marmara Seas and is one of the world's natural deep-water harbours. J.J. Hart